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My hero Mahatma Gandhi often talked about the importance of seeing one’s political opponents as human beings. He said that no matter what you should never demand your opponent be humiliated, but rather always leave room for them to save face. He also said you should always be willing to talk to your opponents, and should always remember to never hate people, only to hate people’s behavior.

I think that he was a smart guy. And recently I had an experience that brought this home to me all over again.

This is a video I took at an action Quit Coal performed at a Mantle Mining general meeting. A couple of Quit Coallers locked on downstairs and I decided to go ask the board directly how they justify destroying farmlands in order begin exporting brown coal from Victoria and pumping our atmosphere full of the greenhouse gasses already at levels dangerous to the future of our civilization.

Quit Coal inside Mantle Mining’s general meeting. from Quit Coal on Vimeo.

Now, I have to say a couple of things about this. The first is that I actually didn’t plan to push the confrontation quite so far. A Mantle employee by the name of Winton started mocking me at one point because as I was filming my hand was shaking. I often shake in highly tense confrontational situations. It’s a fight or flight kind of response, the sympathetic (I think) nervous system kicking into action in a big way. So I was already quite heightened, and Winton mocking me pushed me into a slight ‘fight’ response as I pushed my way into their boardroom, which was actually totally unplanned.

The second thing I want to say about it is that I really didn’t know what to think about it for a long time afterwards, and still don’t in a lot of ways. It was quite new for me to come face to face with the people whose actions are spurring my activism and protest, and this novelty combined with the unplanned nature of what I was doing led to quite a raw, candid encounter.

I expressed anger, certainly, but also confusion, and desperation, and hurt. When you are finally in a room with someone you’re campaigning against they are no longer a bogeyman, and they are no longer the caricature of the money-hungry capitalist with the smoke billowing cigar that you might make them out as in a political cartoon. They are just people. They are just frail, flawed people like everyone else.

I think often more radical activists (and I suppose I fit that category, many would disagree) want everyone to take a hard line, want  everyone to regard our opponents as completely psychotic, unfeeling monsters. The idea strikes us as contemptuous, for example, that some activists or campaigners are negotiating compromises with logging companies, whalers, or indeed, ‘coal barons’ as we often terms men such as these in this video. But when you meet people in person, I think it becomes quite understandable that many would adopt what seems from the outside to be an overly compromising and conciliatory approach.

We’re not built to enjoy conflict. Not many of us, anyway. It probably triggers off mechanisms deep in our evolutionary psychological make up that tell us that we’re better off avoiding the people and places we experienced conflict in. In this case, it also triggered off in me a strong impulse to try to achieve reconciliation. After the afternoon of the action I had a strong urge to contact Ian Kraemer and to try to somehow apologize for the confrontational nature of my actions, while still making clear that I was going to strongly oppose his plans. I felt something like: look, i’ve been face to face with your humanity and I want to acknowledge it, and i’d also like you to acknowledge mine. I still hate what you’re doing, but I don’t hate you. Hating you would diminish me somehow, and I don’t have it in me to give up whatever that would mean giving up.

In the end I didn’t contact him. I shared the video through Quit Coal’s facebook and wrote something about feeling conflicted about it and left it at that. Some people found the video powerful, some found it funny, others found it depressing at how little response my words got from the Mantle board. I still fully don’t know exactly how to feel about it, but I’m sure the experience given me an even greater understanding, admiration and affinity for Gandhi’s methods and his non-violence.

As I said, I think he was a pretty smart guy.

On Saturday night, a handful of friends and I went down to City Square to Occupy Melbourne. Like many others inspired by the traction and momentum gained by the Wall Street occupation, we wished to experience its model of protest for ourselves. The experience was fascinating, educational, confusing, inspiring and confronting.

I arrived at City Square around 2pm and began exploring the area. One side of the square was an assembly area hosting an open speaking forum, at which a wide variety of people spruiked various anti-establishment causes to a medium-size crowd. Elsewhere volunteers at an information desk displayed a schedule of workshops. I spent a couple of hours attending a workshop on climate change and then circulating and chatting to people about respective campaigns we’re involved in and how we might be able to help each other.

At 4pm a general assembly was held, at which a large crowd listened to various proposals and voted on them to test for consensus. Few substantive proposals were passed, a notable exception being a statement of solidarity with striking Qantas workers. Happily, some of the more unconstructive proposals, such as the assembly ‘vilifying the 1%’ or being ‘against Capitalism’ failed to achieve consensus. Read the rest of this entry »

This Op Ed was published on Crikey’s ‘Rooted’ blog on Tuesday, giving rise to the War-And-Peace-Epic 11,000 word comment war I’ve included below for shits and giggles.

Don’t be fooled, Mantle are in it for the money

Few could accuse Mantle Mining company director Ian Kraemer of lacking rhetorical ambition. Attending a public meeting in Bacchus Marsh last week to explain his plan to turn local farmlands into a brown coal mine, Kraemer was keen to talk up his environmental credibility. ‘Brown coal’, he told locals present, ‘has the ability to be the saviour of the planet’.

Now, given brown coal’s status as one of the world’s most polluting fossil fuels, this seems an odd statement. Yet Kraemer is adamant it can be defended. Mantle, he says, plans to use a special technique developed by another company, Exergen, to remove moisture from the coal, thereby reducing its greenhouse emissions by up to 40%. Given that countries such as China and India are likely to use brown coal for some time to come, he argues, it makes good environmental sense to help them to burn it in a cleaner way.

But can we trust Kraemer’s reasoning here? To begin, let’s examine the claim that Exergen’s coal-drying technology will reduce greenhouse emissions from burning brown coal by up to 40%. A quick review of the company’s very own promotional material shows how deceitful that figure really is. Read the rest of this entry »

Whoah.

I haven’t posted anything here in a looong time. After finishing my thesis the sight of microsoft word tended to induce me to rock back and forth in the fetal position and sweat profusely. But I’m OK now. I’m back. I think.

This is just a note I put on facebook tonight, reflecting about the terrifying cyclone that tonight is smashing into the north-east of my country. I have a number of facebook ‘friends’ who really aren’t very environmental, and I was wondering if perhaps this cyclone might be a way to reach some of them and engage them in a discussion of climate change. It started as a status update, but I then just kept on typing. There’s a lot that needs to be said.

Anyway, it went like this:

Hi, facebook friends.

Any of you not sure what you should do with your life? Well, I want you to look at the cyclone hitting Australia now. Cyclones are more intense now, and more frequent, as a result of climate change. But here’s the thing – the climate hasn’t even CHANGED that much yet. Read the rest of this entry »

This article was published in Adbusters #91, the  ’I, Revolution’ issue. Right at the back. But that’s cool, because I read magazines back-to-front. Don’t know why, just do. :)

It’s late. Maybe 2, or 3am, and I’m scanning my email inbox for anything important I might have missed. Eventually I notice a message that lists the names of two famous activists – Bill Mckibben and Naomi Klein – in its subject header.

The email is a ‘call to action’ soliciting support for Tim DeCristopher, a climate change activist who faces 10 years in jail after disrupting an auction of oil and gas leases in Utah.

I’m interested in this, and not just because of the facts – that by his fake bidding, DeCristopher prevented the Bush administration selling off 14 parcels of land for fossil fuel extraction – and is being prosecuted despite the new US administration ruling that the land had been inappropriate for sale. I’m actually interested largely because I’ve recently been thinking a lot about jail, and wondering about what role it might play in the peoples movement for just action on climate change. So I want to know more about Tim DeCristopher.

On his website (www.bidder70.org) there is a video of DeCristopher speaking at a climate rally in Salt Lake City last October. An athletic-looking 26-year-old with a shaved head and intense eyes, he speaks loudly and succinctly, like a charismatic churchman in full swing. At times he even breaks into gospel song.

There is more than a hint of spirituality in his speech, too. He tells the crowd of his personal awakening – that every day since his action, despite knowing he may soon be behind bars, he has walked a little taller, and felt a little more free. He also offers them a form of salvation, promising that it will be the social struggle for a safe climate and sustainable future that will make us the truly noble beings we were meant to be. Read the rest of this entry »

With this essay I will attempt to do a few things. First, I will introduce the concept of global justice, and will briefly sketch the positions of the most prominent schools of thought upon it. I will then outline the issue of climate change, and explain why I believe that we should arrive at much the same conclusions about the demands of global justice regarding it no matter which of the aforementioned schools of thought we adhere to. Given these conclusions, I will propose that there can be little doubt that the majority of affluent nations are today acting unjustly in regards to climate change. I will then discuss the implications of recognising this fact for individuals living within such countries, and argue that citizens of affluent nations are obligated, by a negative duty not to contribute to injustice, both to limit their own emissions of greenhouse gas, and to undertake further efforts to rectify the injustice involved in climate change and compensate its victims.

Global Justice

Traditionally, the boundaries of justice were seen to be national borders, and the only globally recognised standard of behaviour to which nations were held was a general moral duty not to violate other nations’ sovereignty. In recent times, however, it has become increasingly recognised that the issue of justice also concerns the interactions between states, and that people may owe obligations of justice to others who live beyond their own borders.[1] This thought, however, has given rise to a number of theoretical debates, and a number of different schools of thought have arisen about what global justice might be.

Four major schools of thought on this question are Liberalism, Utilitarianism, Libertarianism, and Communalism. Liberalism, while it has many different forms, generally entails the view that global justice should primarily be grounded in the provision and protection of a universal set of human rights.

Utilitarianism, on the other hand, is the view that a just international system would, so far as possible, serve to create the best overall outcome, or the greatest ‘utility’. It therefore does not admit of any in-principle recognition of national sovereignty or human rights.

Libertarianism differs from both these views, maintaining that the primary concern of justice should be the protection of individual freedom. Calling upon the common distinction between positive and negative duties – positive referring to duties to take certain actions, negative referring to duties to refrain from taking certain actions – libertarians insist that the only obligations that individuals should have under a system of justice are negative duties not to harm others.

And finally, Communitarianism is the view that there is no one standard of justice that has a claim to be universally recognised, and holds that it is the autonomy of states must be upheld as widely as is possible. Like with libertarianism, however, this autonomy of states is limited by the proviso that it must not be used to harm other states.

So given these widely divergent views, it is a rare issue that would lead theorists from each camp to achieve a consensus position about the demands of global justice. Yet in climate change, it seems, we may have just such an issue. But before exploring why this is so, we will first need to understand a little bit more about the problem of climate change itself. Read the rest of this entry »

This is an opinion piece published online in ‘The Punch’ during CJF about the famed ‘hip-pocket reflex’ of Australian voters and the danger it entails for us all in the face of climate change and political jostling.

Australia, congratulations. We now boast a brand new opposition leader from the far-Right, who proudly declared, say, eight or nine times in a single interview on Tuesday that he would not support climate change legislation, terming it a ‘big new tax’ on the Australian people.So here we have the new political tactic of our Right- simple, snappy, and to the point- “that other lot want to TAX you!”

This tactic is nothing new, of course. Ben Chifley once observed that the Australian public ‘votes from the hip-pocket reflex’. The Right is simply banking that this is still the case.  Shrewd.

Never mind that such a reflex, if the Western world cannot overcome it, will almost certainly destroy our planet. Never mind that. A ‘big new tax’? That’’s bad. No need for that. No sir.

And so, here, my friends, is the ultimate tragedy of the commons, excitedly limbering itself up for what looms as its greatest triumph. The Right wants power. Fossil fuel companies want profits. Voters don’t want taxes. And meanwhile, (according to the scientists, at least) climate disaster looms. So cue the violins. This will be a tragedy to impress even the ancient Greeks.

At the heart of this potential tragedy, however, is not fiction, but a simple truth. And this truth is one that the West are going to have to confront very soon if the project of civilization begun by its Grecian forefathers is going to stand a chance of continuation.

This truth is, folks, that we are obscenely spoiled. Read the rest of this entry »

The following blog was published in The Punch, an Australian online opinion forum, during CJF.

Let’s be frank. Australia’s response to climate change so far is a disgrace. It is well understood, by even Kevin Rudd and Penny Wong, that the emissions reduction targets of the carbon pollution reduction scheme (CPRS) are scientifically inadequate to effectively respond to climate change.

Even if it’s maximum reduction target of 25% by 2020 is implemented, and other nations make similar efforts, atmospheric greenhouse gasses will still overshoot a safe level, very likely pushing us past tipping points that lock into place disastrous runaway climate change.

And once we take into account our world-beating per-capita emissions, combined with our chart-topping standard of living, our nation’s token efforts on climate change become simply impossible to justify. We know this, so let’s not harp on it. As Australians concerned about the future of our nation, we need to accept the reality that our nation is nowhere near implementing responsible climate policies.

But we also need to ask ourselves, whose fault is this, really? Because there are a range of views.

Is it the government, for prioritising political safety over an adequate response to climate change?

Or is it perhaps the opposition, for entertaining bizarre climate-denialist theories and lowering the bar for what can be done?

Or, last but not least, is it our perennial whipping boys ‘big business’ – for prioritising profits over the good of the planet and its people?

Well, yes. And yes. And yes. But there is another culprit here, one who all to often escapes the blame for the environmental sins of our nation, and one who has even more pull over national policies than any of the aforementioned groups.

It is us. The people. This is a fact all too easily forgotten, and frequently left out of discussions of the issue. The reason that Australia has shameful climate policies is that Australians have allowed it to. We can wring our hands and condemn politicians and big business all we like (and boy don’t we love to do this), but the cold hard fact remains: with sufficient public demand, government policy is what we the people say it is. Read the rest of this entry »

Upon reading Clive Hamilton’s ‘Is It Too Late to Prevent Catastrophic Climate Change’, a stark and frankly depressing review of recent scientific appraisals of humanity’s ability to avoid catastrophic climate change, I was immediately struck by one thought: ‘something is missing here’.

In his essay, Hamilton relates projected future greenhouse emissions scenarios from the recent work of Kevin Anderson and Alice Bows at the United Kingdom’s Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, and soberly notes that even when the researchers used the most optimistic projections of future emissions reductions, they still predict that humanity will far overshoot the mark for stabilising greenhouse gasses at a safe level. In fact, on their projections, the entire concept of stabilising greenhouse gasses at a safe level begins to look somewhat like a pathetic joke.

Yet before we all throw in the towel, accept that our climate is done for and buy as much land and weaponry in Tasmania as we can, we need to ask of these figures: are they really based on the ‘most optimistic’ scenarios?

I believe they are not.  I believe that there is something immensely important missing from their calculations.

I’ll try to explain.

Climate science tells of natural ‘slow feedback mechanisms’ at work within the climate system, which act to amplify global warming. An example is the melting ice poles. As they melt, they begin to reflect less light back into space, causing further warming, which causes further melting, and so on in a vicious cycle. Another is the ‘permafrost’. This is frozen soil which, when thawed by warming temperatures, releases greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere, causing further warming, which then thaws more permafrost, and while these are only two of many, by now you should be getting the picture. Read the rest of this entry »

As one of the organizers of what many consider to be quite an extreme action, I have often been confronted with the opinion that extreme actions ‘alienate the mainstream’, and by so doing harm the formation of a broad-based social movement. In fact, the truth may be quite the opposite.

Studies* into the psychology of responses to emergency alarms note that humans, by our nature, do not respond to warning signals by immediately taking emergency action. Instead, we look for cues, often in the actions of others, to determine our response. It often takes numerous warnings, plus the sight of others taking actions compatible with the presence of an emergency, before people will respond to an emergency situation. For example, if a person hears a fire alarm in a shopping centre, they will not immediately run for the exit. Instead, they will look around to see the way others are reacting before deciding how to respond.

We can see this tendency at work in the way society is reacting to the climate crisis. Despite warnings being sounded, people are by and large still not responding in an emergency manner. Instead, many are looking around and seeing their families and neighbours continuing with life-as-usual, and are receiving confusing messages from the media. To make an apt analogy, people are in the shopping centre and are hearing an alarm, but many of the cues around them are telling them to keep on shopping.

The lesson here for climate activists is a relatively simple one. In order to shift our societies at large from business as usual into the emergency response mode that is needed to adequately confront the climate crisis, we need to constantly provide people with evidence that we are in a drastically urgent situation that requires them to respond accordingly. Read the rest of this entry »

In recent times, it seems to have become accepted as gospel within the Australian climate movement that our message must move to a promotion of ‘green jobs’. Australians, we are told, are convinced that climate change is real, and that something must be done about it. Yet within the current recession, voters are thinking first and foremost about job security, so we must focus our media messaging upon breaking the ‘jobs versus the environment’ frame, and convince Australians that a clean energy revolution would create vast new fields of employment. Having done this, the argument goes, the public will finally be fully onside.

This was the message promoted at the recent Students of Sustainability conference in Melbourne, and also at Powershift in Sydney. In both contexts, it was accepted virtually without question. I would like to suggest, however, that it might in fact represent a tactical error for the climate movement. While I accept the premise that many Australians are not currently backing strong climate action because they are concerned about jobs, I disagree that this situation must (or will) necessarily be overcome by framing our message in terms of ‘green jobs’.

Consider, for example, the hypothetical Australian who would support climate action once convinced that it would not spell large-scale unemployment. Obviously, one way to approach such an individual is to directly engage with their concern about jobs, and hope that the ‘green jobs’ message can remove it as an obstacle to their support.

Yet this tactic involves dangers that need to be carefully considered. By focusing on a message of green jobs, we implicitly endorse a worldview that says that job losses would be a valid reason to oppose climate action if they were in fact to occur. Effectively, we concede that jobs are more important than climate change, but choose to argue that the two are not in opposition. Read the rest of this entry »

I’ve never much liked like the word ‘environmentalism’. For me it has always somehow conjured up images of school projects about ‘ecosystems’ and hairy people with too many beads adding ‘man’ after their sentences. Yet while I may still cringe at these associations, I am forced to admit that recently, in my advanced age, I have gradually, and grudgingly, accepted this word into my life.

I have never given up on grudges easily however, and while I may have come to embrace many of its causes, I have nonetheless managed to retain my dislike of this word. To help explain why this is so, I would like to present the following quote from environmental activist Will Nichols, writing in Greenpeace’s monthly publication ‘Making Waves’ about a recent raid to paint slogans onto coal ships. He wrote:

“As I rode through those waves, I must confess that tears came into my eyes. It was an emotional cocktail of pride, fear and love- the feeling that comes from fighting for our Earth and wanting to protect it.”

OK, well, no. Will is not really ‘fighting for our earth’, nor is he protecting it. The earth will be around no matter how much coal is burned, and no matter how much carbon dioxide human beings decide we need to pump into the atmosphere. If ‘the earth’ is what he is worried about, then I think that Will really needs to just settle down a little bit and relax. Because as far as ‘the earth’ is concerned, he may as well have painted ‘Will waz ‘ere 08’ on those ships. The earth will be just fine either way. Read the rest of this entry »